Medicinal herbs pdf free download. It is intended for educational purposes only.

Medicinal herbs pdf free download. Particularly, both amateur herbalists, professional healers, and physicians, have become aware of the use of herbs by Native American medicine. Herbal Research When you’re studying herbs for practice, seek multiple sources that cover a broad spectrum from historical to modern and folkloric to scientific. During the past three decades, the demand and utilization of medicinal plants ha increased globally. Feel free to share this with your family and friends. Oct 25, 2021 · 319 pages : 26 cm "113 herbs, spices, and seasonings, from the everyday to the exotic; more than 50 original recipes and projects plus countless tips and ideas on how ot use, combine, select, and store; uses and traditions from more than 60 countries; culinary, scientific, and historical details and nutritional and medicinal information on every plant. Indeed the use of herbs as healing remedies goes back to the very beginnings of medicine itself, from 3700 B. 2G On this page you will find our alphabetical list of 150+ 189 herbs! Every herb in our list has its own dedicated page on this site – with pictures and very detailed info! Follow the links to learn more about each herb. botany Collection opensource Language English Item Size 5. The book is intended for educational About the book In "Rosemary Gladstar's Medicinal Herbs," the renowned herbalist presents a vibrant, accessible gateway into the invigorating world of natural healing, blending timeless wisdom with modern applications. Collection internetarchivebooks; printdisabled Contributor Internet Archive Language English Item Size 980. This monograph evaluates the I am pleased to offer this list for free on the basis that you use it responsibly and conduct additional research on any herbs you plan to take for medicinal purposes. Recent studies have presented information about the healthy properties of some herbs and spices, and we are learning more about how these spices can help us. (Heather Shirley), 1968-; Smith, Michael, 1963-; Boon, Heather S. You’ll learn exactly what you should do and how to eat to get healthy, exercise to get your leanest, healthiest body Sep 8, 2025 · Explore a wide range of medicinal plants and their uses, and learn how these natural remedies can support your health and wellness. My name is Dr. Pursell—a comprehensive guide that seamlessly blends ancient wisdom with modern science. medicine. The production of this volume was supported by the National Endowment for . Discover free PDF books on medicinal plants. Egypt, followed by the Chinese and later the Greeks and Romans. (Heather Shirley), 1968- Botanical pharmacy volume to replace the irreparably deteriorated original. Learn how to use herbal supplements, vitamins, minerals, fruits, vegetables and alternative medicine to heal and maintain optimal health. External May 18, 2012 · The complete medicinal herbal by Penelope Ody Publication date 1993 Topics Herbs -- Therapeutic use. It provides detailed descriptions of 125 of the most useful medicinal plants commonly found in North America, along with directions for a range of uses, remedies for common ailments, and notes on the herbal traditions of other lands. The book also profiles the therapeutic prop-erties of individual herbs and multi-ingredient formulas. Mar 2, 2024 · Grab these free printable medicinal herb labels for your home apothecary—perfect for organizing or sprucing up your herbal collection. Aug 27, 2012 · The complete natural medicine guide to the 50 most common medicinal herbs by Boon, Heather S. This PDF ebook contains hundreds of natural remedies for various conditions and diseases, as well as nutrition and fitness tips. Learn about the healing properties, applications, and traditional uses of herbs and natural remedies. Introduction Greetings of Love, Peace, Health, Happiness and Prosperity. In many developing countries, a large proportion of the population relies on tradi-tional practitioners and their armamentarium of medicinal plants in As science is now proving, the benefits of cooking with herbs and spices go beyond adding taste, flavor and color to foods. This book presents the historical development of this com-plex and unique healing system. There is now a consenses regarding the importance of medicinal plants and traditional health systems in solving the health care problems, efficacy and safety of medicinal plants in cur HANDBOOK OFMedicinal Herbs SECOND EDITION 1284_frame_FM Page 2 Thursday, May 23, 2002 10:53 AM HANDBOOK OFMedic Herbal Monographs 1 Profiles of 700 medicinal herbs, including trade names, description, actions, indications, contraindications, precautions, adverse effects, overdosage, dosage, and literature citations. pdf A Guide To Medicinal Plants Koh Tan Chua (World Download Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine PDFDescription With 550 key herbs and their uses as natural remedies for nearly 200 common ailments, Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine, 2nd Edition is the definitive home reference to healing with the world's oldest form of medicine. herbal. References in the Bible and documents from medieval monasteries show that herbs were used by most households, including those of wealthy lords and monks. Whether you are a n, anyone abstaining from alcohol, or those with alcohol sensitivities. As it is very important to have the right knowledge before consuming any medicine before, you can take help of our medicinal books and also consider a doctor before taking any medicine whether plant-based or traditional. Feb 11, 2022 · Healing wonders of herbs : guide to the effective use of medicinal plants by De Guzman-Ladion, Herminia Publication date 2002 Topics Herbs -- Therapeutic use -- Philippines, Medicinal plants -- Philippines, Materia medica, Materia medica, Vegetable, Herbs -- Therapeutic use, Medicinal plants, Philippines Publisher Miami : Inter-American Abstract 'nlis introductory chapter contains a brief history of herbs and spices, including cultivation, trade and uses. From ginger to lavender and thyme to dandelion, learn about the chemistry of plants and how and why they work as medicines Aug 10, 2010 · Health through God's pharmacy : advice and experiences with medicinal herbs by Treben, Maria Publication date 1984 Topics Herbs, Materia medica, Vegetable Publisher Steyr : Ennsthaler Collection internetarchivebooks; inlibrary; printdisabled Contributor Internet Archive Language English Item Size 178. Dr Sebi Herb List Dr. It is an illustrated encyclopedic guide to more than two hundred medicinal plants found in North America, with descriptions of each plant’s appearance and uses, and directions for methods of use and dosage. Preface The purpose of distributing this book to undergraduate, graduate, and research scholars is to give them authentic and understandable information on Indian medicinal herbs. Bell published The Complete Natural Medicine Guide to the 50 Most Common Medicinal Herbs | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Herbs are plants that are used as avoring agents. Jan 1, 2005 · PDF | On Jan 1, 2005, Carl C. It is intended for educational purposes only. This book is designed to provide pharmacologists and researchers of natural products a comprehensive review of 200 medicinal plants, their vernacular names in various languages and their medicinal uses around the world, and in some cases, a historical perspective. Discover a wide selection of free PDF books that will immerse you in the secrets of plants and their medicinal uses. 1G 18 printable cards of herbs and it medical benefits, high quality Addeddate 2022-12-03 17:35:19 Identifier herbalindex Identifier-ark ark Encyclopedia Of Herbal Medicine : The Definitive Home Reference Guide to 550 Key Herbs with all their Uses as Remedies for Common Ailments (DK Natural Health Jul 16, 2020 · Medicinal Plants & Botany Library Topics Medicinal Plants, Botany, Plants, Herbalism, Garden Collection opensource Language English Item Size 28. 1M Translated from the German Access May 16, 2023 · A comprehensive guide to Old World medicinal plants, exploring their uses and benefits in herbal medicine. Medicinal Herbs: A Compendium is a comprehensive resource on medicinal herbs, providing profiles of approximately 200 commonly used herbs, including their applications, dosages, and potential interactions. As a clinical herbalist you are required to know the individual herbs you are working with, you must known their medicinal actions, their chemical constituents, the various body systems they are best for, and also their pharmaceutical applications, dosage, contraindications, what herbs are not appropriate with prescription drugs, and what herb May 1, 2015 · Grab these Free Printable Herb Cards to gift a gardener, foodie or any herb lover. History of Use of Traditional Herbal Medicines By definition, ‘traditional’use of herbal medicines implies substantial historical use, and this is certainly true for many products that are available as ‘traditional herbal medi-cines’. Scientific evaluation of herbals has only recently begun, but, for many herbals and many ailments, is still lacking or has inconsistent results. And, of course, there’s the lawn that surrounds most homes. Many of you know that I am a graphic artist by trade and have been asking for a chart that is not only useful but also decorative for your kitchen. This meticulously crafted book invites you to discover the power of over 100 medicinal herbs, each beautifully illustrated and accompanied by detailed descriptions, uses, and recipes. Akilah. May 21, 2014 · Development of herbal medicine -- Herbal traditions of the world -- Key medicinal plants -- Other medicinal plants -- Herbal remedies for home use Access-restricted-item true Addeddate 2014-05-21 18:00:03. Sebi made use of a range of different herbs in his cellfood compounds. S. Modern research findings are Jul 2, 2021 · PDF | Medicinal plants represent the most ancient form of medication, used for thousands of years in traditional medicine in many countries around the | Find, read and cite all the research you I intentionally left out many of the completely safe culinary herbs, spices, and food plants that are clearly medicinal. This e-book is intended as an introduction to how some herbs are used for medicinal and culinary uses. Standard Infusion as topical application, or 2-4 ounces to 3X a day. THE SCHOOL OF NATURAL HEALING 100 HERB LIST or Mountain Grape 6 Bayberry 7 Black Cohosh Jul 24, 2015 · "The Complete Herbal" by Nicholas Culpeper is a historical medicinal guide written in the mid-17th century. Medicinal plants and herbal medicines require thorough research and clinical studies to characterize the bioactive compounds responsible for their healing and therapeutic effects, and to establish their required doses, efficacies, safety, and use in treatment of many conditions. Jan 1, 2020 · Herbal index of 108 medical herbs pictures with info printable cards FREE PDF by kairi Publication date 2020-01-01 Topics herb. J. The book includes critical comments concerning application, herbal tea preparations, contraindications, adverse effects, and interactions with other drugs. With Medicinal Herbs: A Beginner's Guide, Gladstar offers a fresh introduction for a new generation of gardeners and natural health and self-sufficiency enthusiasts. Drink Your Herbs: Teas, Tisanes, and Tinctures A Talk Presented at Garden Fest 2018 by Kathleen Harrington, Herb Society of America—Baton Rouge Unit Aug 29, 2022 · An illustrated guide to Introducing 136 of East Africa's most important medicinal plants The use of plants for treating diseases is as old as civilisation itself and plants are still the I hope the second edition of the Handbook of Medicinal Herbs will help patients and physicians alike to use the safer herbs even more safely and wisely, and help steer them to the safer herbal alternatives and away from some of the more dangerous pharmaceutical alternatives. Mar 1, 2010 · PDF | Common Medicinal Plants of Portland, Jamaica has been designed as a field guide for the identification of some of the most common medicinal plants | Find, read and cite all the research Records show that herb use can be traced back to the ancient Egyptians and Chinese. Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine - 3rd Edition (DK Publishing) (2016) - Free download as PDF File (. com to try your hand at making your own home remedy. Don’t forget to download our free PDF containing pictures of each plant to aid in identification. Organized alphabetically by accepted common name, and cross-referenced by scientific name. The goal of the individual herbs’ pages is to gather information about the plant in one place, so that anyone researching it can have quick access to information. This free herbal book has printable recipe cards for 23 of our very best herbal remedies from LearningHerbs. 51 Free PDF's for medicinal plants, plant medicine and other resources to start your herbal journey or to learn more about learning and growing herbs. Please use this book as a reference guide for future use. Jul 17, 2020 · As a clinical herbalist you are required to know the individual herbs you are working with, you must known their medicinal actions, their chemical constituents, the various body systems they are best for, and also their pharmaceutical applications, dosage, contraindications, what herbs are not appropriate with prescription drugs, and what herb At one time, medicinal herbs were often grown in home gardens, including simple herbs known for their ability to relieve fever, heal wounds, and treat bites. 0 (Extended OCR) Page_number_confidence 53. DSpace - World Health Organization DSpace Tincture [Fresh Herb 1:2, Dry Herb, 1:5, 60% alcohol) as liniment, topically as antifungal. The earliest of medicinal herbs, you can be assured of their safety. Home | US Forest Service DSpace - World Health Organization DSpace “The Healing Power of Chinese Herbs and Medicinal Recipes by Drs. Nowadays, most of the population (including Native Americans) incorporate modern medicines in their conventional health treatment mechanisms; however, many people still believe in the healing Start reading 📖 Health through God's Pharmacy online and get access to an unlimited library of academic and non-fiction books on Perlego. Native American Medicine and Modern Uses S ince the 1970s and ever more so today, there is a growing interest in the medicinal uses of herbs and plants for complementary medicine in the U. Ancient cures for mild fever, colds, coughs, and flu to severe infections and allergies were all herbs. Multiple images and botanical prints, scientific research, and information on botany, energetics, safety, preparations, and dosage make these monographs wonderful tools for learning for These medicinal plant books are well organized in a PDF form. Still other medicinal herbs, such as basil, parsley, and dill, are common culinary herbs, often found in their own patch known as the herb garden. I am very excited to share with you my quick and easy to use herbal remedy guide. These herbs are attractive and Enjoy these free herbal resources such as books, ebooks, magazines, and research aids as you continue to grow as an herbalist. Sep 4, 2020 · A Clinical Guide to Chinese Herbs and Formulae C. Yu L. C. Dried herbs tend to produce the most effective medicinal vinegar extract, but fresh herbs can be used to make nutritive vinegars for culinary recipes, si Oct 7, 2022 · "Medicinal Herbs: A Compendium contains profiles of about 200 important and commonly used medicinal herbs. Dive into the richness of Herbology, a subject that combines botany, medicine, and natural magic. Herbal remedies were commonplace, and if a person didn’t know the appropriate herb to treat an illness, he could go to a house where rosemary grew, knowing this would be the place to get Jan 9, 2020 · A single-source reference on the most important and best-investigated Ayurvedic herbs This book examines the clinical information available on more than 60 Ayurvedic herbs to determine how their use in traditional Indian medicine is supported by modern scientific study. Learn about the healing properties of plants, their applications in health, and the traditions behind each herb. Follow the appropriate dosages outlined in this book (see page 14 for a gen-eral dosage chart), use only those herbs that have a record of safety, and respond quickly by discontinuing an herb About the book Step into the enchanting world of natural remedies with "The Herbal Apothecary" by J. This publication, however, deals mainly with culinary herbs used in cooking. "-- A household necessity, COMPLETE GUIDE Download Rosemary Gladstar free PDF About Author A practicing herbalist with twenty-six years of experience, Rosemary Gladstar is the founder of United Plant Savers (UpS), a nonprofit organization dedicated to preserving America's native medicinal plants, and cofounder of Sage Mountain Herbs, which offers a comprehensive herbal training program. These cards make great birthday or Mother's Day cards for a herb lover. Fei (Churchill Livingstone 1993). 976056 Bookplateleaf 0004 Boxid IA102813 Camera Canon EOS 5D Mark II City New York Donor Boston Public Edition 1st American ed. No person should use any of the herbal remedies outlined in this book without first consulting a doctor or qualified herbal medicine practitioner. It becomes increasingly clear that there are hundreds of biologically active compounds, often additive or synergistic, in all our plants, foods, spices, herbs; medicinal and poisonous plants alike. Many of the uses have come from folklore or cultural traditions. Apr 9, 2013 · Whilst it is impossible to know exactly when we first started using herbs and plants for medicinal purposes, archaeological evidence suggests that herbs have been used in Scotland since the Bronze age. 7M In northeastern Brazil, for example, community-run herb gardens grow medicinal herbs that are sold to local hospitals. Festive recipes include mulling spices, rose bud beads, apricot ginger chutney, shea lavender body butter and more. Embrace the potential of medicinal plants and unlock a world of natural wellness! Matt Gallagher Sep 28, 2007 · Medicinal Uses for Herbal Teas: Evidence, Dosing, and Preparation Methods Herbs have been used for centuries to treat a variety of medical illnesses. Use a French Press or squeeze through a cloth to get as much tea as possible. Glossary 849 Acacia : Protection, Psychic Powers, Money and Love Spells Adam & Eve Roots : Love, Happiness Adders Tongue : Healing African Violet : Spirituality, Protection Agaric Native American herbalism has always been an integral part of the traditional medicinal world. Dec 31, 2014 · A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants: Eastern and Central North America (Peterson Field Guide Series) by Steven Foster; James A. Depending on our special interests, we can think of herbs as medicines, tonics, nutrients, oils herbal medicine use. HERBAL MANUAL The Medicinal, Toilet, Culinary and other Uses of 130 of the most Commonly Used Herbs FREE: Ginger & Spice: Herbal Gifts for the Holidays E-Book Make your own herbal gifts for the holidays. Herbs should not be used in the place of traditional medical care, used with pharmaceutical medicine or taken during pregnancy. As the use of herbs spread throughout the world, so did belief in their medicinal and magical powers. 800 plants have been utilised in traditional medicine, while around 1500 plants having Dec 23, 2019 · PDF | Medicinal Plants 100 | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Here at the American College of Healthcare Sciences (ACHS), Herb Day is a big event! But, one day isn’t enough. Last updated 5 days ago. Akilah El but you can call me Dr. The very good news is finding free historical books (and thousands of blogs by modern herbalists!) is rather easy thanks to the internet! It’s identifying modern Nov 9, 2018 · medicinal uses of each plant. This handbook does not give any expansive explana-tions on Cacao has many medicinal benefits, with its most popular benefit being that it can dramatically lower high blood pressure when consumed daily, which is an excellent reason to have a daily cup of high cacao chocolate (at least 80% cocoa) There are 150+ herbs listed below, have a look and find out about the uses of benefits of each. The common herbs used in cooking are referred to as culinary herbs. Mild or savory herbs impart a delicate avor to foods while the stronger or pungent herbs add zest to foods. Looking through my small collection of vintage almanacs this week I decided to design a chart for the most 1. Publisher Dorling Kindersley Collection internetarchivebooks; delawarecountydistrictlibrary; americana; printdisabled Contributor Internet Archive Language English Item Size 485. A number of additional herbs are used for medicinal purposes. This book invites both novices and seasoned practitioners to explore the bountiful garden of medicinal herbs, emphasizing their incredible potential to enhance well-being and THE WEBSITE The Complete Guide to Natural Healing believes that food, vitamins, supplements and alternative medicine can be your best medicine. Pregnant or breastfeeding women and small children should not take any remedy unless it is expressly prescribed by their doctor. We love to spread the health and celebrate year-round by continually offering cutting-edge herbal medicine courses and programs, Oregon Tilth Certified organic products in our Apothecary Shoppe College Store, frequent community wellness teleconferences and webinars, and our very If you want to get started compiling some herbal monographs for yourself, we’re including a free download of the materia medica pages from our beautifully designed Materia Medica Journal. 6M Access-restricted-item true Addeddate 2012-05-18 17:16:19 Feb 23, 2023 · For more than twenty years, this pioneering work had served as a bible for herbalists throughout the world. Mind, Body, Spirit Series Includes bibliographical references (page 322) and indexes The development of herbal medicine -- How medicinal plants work -- Active constituents -- Quality control -- Early origins to the 19th century -- 20th century onward -- Herbal traditions May 30, 2011 · Addeddate 2011-05-30 14:29:02 Call-number QK99. SPREAD THE WORD!!! Herbs as Medicine The herbs employed by the medicine men are believed to derive their strength from the ceremonies performed to make them powerful. The rise in popularity of herbal medicines, however, also directly threatens the survival of some wild species. Doctors at the hospital then prescribe these medicines for their patients. Download Medicinal Herbs PDF for free. The best herbs to use for medicinal or culinary purposes are those collected from the wild, in areas where the plant is found growing naturally, away from contaminants. “Like cures like” was the essence of their herbal belief. 11c cultivation requirements of important herbal spices are discussed, as well as uses of herbs and spices in food and beverages, perfumes and cosmetics, and medicinal and nutraceutical uses, 'nlC important Havour compounds ill major culinary and herbal spices are Medicinal Herbs A Compendium - 1st Edition PDF ebook with Full Chapters - Free download as PDF File (. 0G Medicinal Plants & Botany Library Addeddate 2020-07-16 09:17:50 Identifier medicinal-plants Identifier-ark ark:/13960/t9095759r Ocr ABBYY FineReader 11. 48-1984. Download Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine: 550 Herbs and Remedies for Common Ailments, 3rd Edition (DK) PDF for free. ,. Herbal medicine has a long history in India. I did, or should have, dropped some of these because they have little The current format has evolved from my CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2nd edition, which had evolved from my public domain Father Nature’s Farmacy, online at the USDA. pdf), Text File (. Medicinal Herbs Quick Reference Chart Peppermint: helps to reduce nausea, soothes upset stomachs, reduces fever and headaches, fights colds and flus and freshens breath. Many of today’s medicines are based on chemicals and oils from these plants. , 1929- Publication date 2001 Topics Medicinal plants -- Handbooks, manuals, etc, Herbs -- Handbooks, manuals, etc, Herbals -- Handbooks, manuals, etc, Materia medica, Vegetable -- Handbooks, manuals, etc Publisher Boca Raton : CRC Press Collection internetarchivebooks; printdisabled Contributor Jan 1, 2022 · Comprehensive guide on 100 medicinal herbs, their uses, and applications for health and wellness. If any reaction to herbs occurs that is of concern to you, contact your trained herbal practitioner or doctor. I also intentionally omitted some strictly dangerous herbs, such as foxglove, that were too unhealthy for use in unskilled hands. I did include several obscure hallucinogenic plants of dubious salubrity. txt) or read online for free. Hou and Jin brings the theory and philoso-phy of Traditional Chinese Medicine to the Western reader. This website will show you the truth about health and wellness, so you can help your family and closest friends get even healthier. Duke Publication date April 1998 Publisher Houghton Mifflin (P) Collection internetarchivebooks; inlibrary; printdisabled Contributor Internet Archive Language English Item Size 1. For Fresh Herbs, use 2-3 times more herb, cover, let steep 30+ minutes. It was scanned using Xerox software and equipment at 600 dots per inch resolution and compressed prior to storage using CCITT Group 4 compression. It is intended for those of you who have been intrigued enough by something you have read on our website, Anniesremedy. This will give you a rich, well-rounded understanding of a plant. Some are easy to find in the West and are widely known for their various medicinal properties, such as Bladderwrack, Burdock, and Lily of the Valley. Jun 2, 2015 · Click on chart below to open pdf for printing. A1 E44 1918 Foldoutcount 0 Identifier mobot31753003243646 Identifier-ark ark:/13960/t6b28rc28 Ocr ABBYY FineReader 8. A Super Infusion is approximately 1 ounce herb steeped in a 32-ounce jar of hot water for 4+ hours or overnight. Herbs can be traced back through England, to ancient Rome and Greece, and through the Bible to the Garden of Eden. Complete documentation with 2+ downloads. With more than 45,000 plants, India is one of the 12 mega diversity hubs. Notes on Making Herbal infusions, Medicinal Oils, Salves, Tinctures This handbook includes shorthand instructions on how to make basic herbal preparations at home. Mar 17, 2023 · Rosemary Gladstar's medicinal herbs : a beginner's guide by Gladstar, Rosemary Publication date 2012 Topics Herbs -- Therapeutic use, Materia medica, Vegetable Publisher North Adams, MA : Storey Pub. Access valuable resources without cost or registration. The digital data were used to create Cornell's replacement volume on paper that meets the ANSI Standard Z39. Explore the diversity of medicinal plants and their health benefits. This work combines herbalism, astrology, and early medical practices, offering insights into the medicinal properties of various plants and their relationship with human ailments. By familiarizing yourself with 100 medicinal plants and their uses, you can tap into the power of nature and embark on a journey of holistic healing. This document provides an introduction and overview of herbal medicine and medicinal plants. I have gotton a lot of request for a "Herb Use Chart" over the past few weeks at the market. Yellow plants are good for jaundice; red ones are good for the blood. For example, recent studies show that garlic has medicinal properties similar to some drugs prescribed by a doctor Feb 11, 2022 · 336 pages : 29 cm The definitive home reference guide to 550 key herbs with all their uses as remedies for common ailments. Oct 3, 2018 · Free E books of Medicinal Plants Morphology of Medicinal Plants Plant Anatomy 36 Healing Herbs - The World's Best Medicinal Plants (epub) 36 Healing Herbs - The World's Best Medicinal Plants (pdf) A Guide to Medicinal Plants An Illustrated, Scientific and Medicinal Approach Indian Medicinal Plants A Handbook of Native American Herbs - The Pocket All About Plants Printable Book Basic Oct 15, 2022 · Handbook of medicinal herbs by Duke, James A. 0 Openlibrary_edition OL14471340M Openlibrary_work OL16846592W Pages 191 Possible copyright status Permission to digitize granted by rights holder Ppi 72 Jul 15, 2020 · Find more similar flip PDFs like Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine: 550 Herbs and Remedies for Common Ailments, 3rd Edition (DK) . qo60 log 2ybae ob3q npja ryrx q99b lalo 0dp co5a7