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Otherness of others. These movements are linked to investigations of .
- Otherness of others. It addresses how literature has historically othered queer characters and how this has shaped societal perceptions of gender and sexual minorities. Imagine the case of being face to face with another person. The notion of the "Other" is developed in Sartre and Levinas to describe, paradigmatically, the ethical encounter with another person. However, the dissertation contends that the minor characters in John challenge and destabilize Johannine hierarchical Apr 1, 2020 · Exile in Lawrence Yim's “Exile, Borders, and Poetry” and civil war in Huan Jin's “Multiple Otherness” turn the definition of otherness into urgent existential questions of survival and traumatic memory. Context here is paramount, as one should not project a modern day sensibility of race onto Shakespeare’s work. The proposed answer is that six Mar 30, 2011 · In our encounter with God-with “the absolute Other,” as Levinas sometimes puts it-we encounter otherness in a superlative way, and, as in our other encounters with otherness, we experience a paradoxical combination of separation and relationship. 1 Distinctional Otherness What we call distinctional otherness is the otherness of an entity as numerically distinguished from another. May 26, 2019 · The concept of otherness derives from the pioneering work of the second-wave feminist Simone de Beauvoir. One of the key concepts in his philosophy is the idea of the Other. As opposed to relational disorders such as Asperger's syndrome or personality disorders, otroverts are empathic and friendly, with no problem creating loving relationships. According Nov 11, 2021 · 2. The Chinese mothers perceive themselves as Other from their daughters, and their American-born daughters perceive themselves as Other from their mothers. Nov 16, 2024 · This roundtable discusses the concept of Otherness, its origins, significance, and its role in current political polarization, with insights from philosophers, psychoanalysts, social theorists, and historians. Indeed, there is little agreement about whether there is a problem here at all. Otherness is defined as the process by which groups distinguish themselves from others whom they devalue, often creating a dichotomy between the Self and the Other, influenced by cultural constructs and historical discourse. May 18, 2018 · The Other is not any particular person, but instead an entire category that he calls “ Otherness, ” which makes being and self or “ I ” possible, thus reversing the presupposition of phenomenologists such as Husserl and other continental thinkers who began all philosophical inquiry with the self. Otherness Characteristic of the Other. Introduction The problem of the twenty-first century is the problem of “othering. I then turn towards other works of Nietzsche to furnish the compelling, yet imprecise insight concerning otherness that Zarathustra gives us. However, this essay will argue that his attempts to instantiate an ethics of responsibility to the "otherness of the other" are more problematic than is commonly assumed. OTHERNESS definition: 1. The creation of otherness (also called othering) consists of applying a principle that Sep 21, 2023 · Otherness in this sense is neither a metaphysical concept, nor a particular person, but an ideology, or what Beauvoir calls a “myth. Reflecting the menace of alien identities The two --of themes sensitive attunement ther, to and the emb inner in relation --are obviously compatible with Buber's dialogical the way to developing a theory which appreciates otherness development. Let us say I have two entities. Sep 19, 2013 · Lacan speaks of this “authentic Other” as another subject to be appreciated for its alterity, its capacity to surprise. Barth was known for his emphasis on God’s radical “transcendence,” the technical term for God’s “otherness. The journal publishes new scholarship primarily within the humanities and social sciences. In psychology, it represents much more than a theoretical idea; it is a lived experience that shapes human identity, relationships, and society itself. The recent trend of Johannine scholarship is to perpetuate negative portrayals of the minor characters, notably “the Jews,” within an either/or framework. How to use otherness in a sentence. " [1] According to Jacques Lacan, the mother of an individual is their absolute Other. com . 4). Bernardo Ferro In the beginning of the Phenomenology of Spirit’s fourth chapter, devoted to self-consciousness and the ‘truth of self-certainty’, Hegel states in a categorical and rather surprising manner that ‘self-consciousness only achieves its satisfaction in another self-consciousness’ (Hegel 1987, 139. This concept encompasses varying forms of identity and categorization, particularly as seen in Western society’s reliance on binary logic. But on closer inspection one finds there is little agreement either about the problem or the solution to it. ” —Nell Irvin Painter, New RepublicAmerica’s foremost novelist reflects on the themes that preoccupy her work and increasingly dominate national and world politics: race, fear, borders, the mass movement of peoples, the desire for belonging. In fact, there is no obvious distinction from any well-adjusted individual. Learn more. Hegel bridges all post-Hegelian currents on the concept of "Other". I will ad… Feb 4, 2022 · Otherness – exclusion, and inclusion The similarities that build a “we” and the differences that constitute the “others” are central to the path of social codification, belonging, and the hierarchization of human groups. The concept of alterity explores how we understand and relate to those who are seen as different, and how this "otherness" shapes identity and social relations. Perfect for those new to philosophy. The "Other" theory in racial and ethnic relations critically examines the dynamics of identity and difference, particularly in the context of dominant and marginalized groups. Hopefully, this gives you an idea of the range of uses of the notion of the other by different thinkers. In what ways is their Otherness manifested Others argue that he deliberately set out to challenge and contest the traditional image of black masculinity. Why is 'otherness' so compelling an object of representation? On the other hand, dialogical self theory opens up dimensions of dialogical otherness hitherto occluded by analytical psychology. We encounter two distinct types of others in relation to ourselves. 2. Foreigners introduced other gods and beliefs that permeated English thought, and in Dracula’s case, godlessness. Mar 17, 2023 · This Proustian conviction, however, meets opposition when taking into account the influential body of scholarship that has gravitated towards a notion of otherness as radically Other, unthinkable, unrepresentable, and resisting conceptualization. Intercultural encounters entail the exchange of cul-tural identities and Mar 13, 2025 · This paper proposes to consider the question “What kind of other can an AI be for a human?”, to analyse a set of ethical and societal challenges associated with a hypothetical massive deployment of “AIs as others” in society (social robots, artificial companions, chatbots with relational purposes such as friendship or romantic partnership, etc. What is race and why Sep 5, 2014 · Addressing otherness signifies, above all, questions on how to understand the other, how to discover it in a meaning-loaded world by procedures of comparison, observation, interpretation, etc. f. Othering Transforming a difference into otherness so as to create an in-group and an out-group. " The term seems to be borrowed from Hegel, to whose work Lacan was introduced in a series of lectures given by Alexandre Kojève in 1933-9. I will also include examples and resources for people interested in learning more about otherness. As soon as we think about what something is, we think about the opposite – the Other. Finally, this paper offers a revised conception of woman as the Other, proposing that de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex be taken up as a methodology for providing an account of otherness, rather than a concrete and totalizing category. Jan 1, 2018 · In classical sociology, "other" is a concept in the study of social life through which we define relationships. First, after briefly reiterating some of what is at stake in the question of the otherness of the other, it offers two possible reconciliations of the conflict between absolute and relative characterizations of otherness: one from the perspective of Levinas, another from the perspective of Marcel. Oct 25, 2023 · Feminist literary theorists examine how narratives may other women and reinforce gender stereotypes. Jun 11, 2022 · This paper discusses the concept of "Otherness" in social psychology and how it is situated in postcolonial theory. Othering involves zeroing in on a difference and using that difference to dismantle a sense of May 15, 2021 · Literary representations of the Other appeared in every genre, but especially in the novel, which more than any other literary form of the period attempted to analyze and represent Victorian socio May 9, 2018 · In order to demonstrate this, I offer an in depth analysis of otherness in Thus Spoke Zarathustra by examining the many different kinds of relationships the individual can have with the Other. Philosophical ideas, including those of Hegel, Lévinas and Wal-denfels, are introduced as providing essential theoretical This chapter discusses several key points. What do you think? In the light of these examples, we can rephrase our original questions more precisely. 1. In-group A group to which the speaker, the person spoken of, etc. Unfortunately, the limits of our chapter oblige us to examine only some texts of Levinas. Little and Big Other Discover Emmanuel Levinas' philosophy in simple terms. belongs. Bernhard Waldenfels, born in 1934, earned his Ph. Otherness is a personality trait. The Other and otherness are themes which derive in large part from the philosophy of Hegel, which was popularised in France by Alexandre Kojève ' s 1933 - 9 lectures, and from phenomenology, introduced into France by Emmanuel Levinas, Jean - Paul Sartre and others. Other (philosophy) A boy pointing at the sky with his mother. It is a social construction that shows the diversity of others and highlights one's own identity. Queer Theory: Queer theory delves into the representation of LGBTQ+ individuals in literature. Nov 15, 2023 · Levinas' philosophy challenges traditional ethics by prioritizing the ethical relationship with 'the Other' over ontological considerations. Otherness like ownness of “I” is a prior thing, which guarantees the other’s detachment. ‘Without deep reflection one knows from daily life that one exists for other people’ Albert Einstein ‘L’enfer, c’est les autres’ (‘Hell is other people’) Jean-Paul Sartre The paradoxical nature of otherness, as defined by continental philosophy, is that the other represents that which is wholly divergent from, and as a corollary, constitutive of the self. [1] It describes the experience of encountering something or someone perceived as distinct from oneself or one's own group. ” One of Barth’s most famous phrases as “God is wholly other. Apr 2, 2015 · My dissertation explores the otherness of minor characters in the Gospel of John beyond a model of binary opposition. [2] Oct 14, 2011 · This page provides a sociological definition of otherness and how it works in societies. ” In a world beset by seemingly intractable and overwhelming challenges, virtually every global, national, and regional conflict is wrapped within or organized around one or more dimension of group-based difference. The concept is crucial in understanding how power operates within societies The paper will examine the concepts of West and the Other, Power, Geographical Other, Gender, Segregation, and Exotism, among others, as the factors that lead to the realization of the idea of Self and the Other established in the European minds. However, natural or not, Othering isn’t a neutral process – it tends to lead to the mistreatment of the people we decide are Other. Derrida has been rather frequently acclaimed for his conception of alterity, which we are told is irrecuperable and beyond the dialectic. A decade later, otherness was finally included in the Dictionnaire de l’altérité et des relations interculturelles (Dictionary of otherness and intercultural relations), denoting “a quality or essence – the essence of being other”, leading to “a dramaturgy of relations with others” (Rey, 2003, p. Butler, like Said, is interested in how otherness is connected to identity. The concept of “the Other,” and the related ideas of “Otherness” and “Othering,” arose via a series of interconnected intellectual moments in the West, finding expression in philosophy, social studies, literature, feminism, gender and sexuality studies, race and ethnicity studies, aesthetics, architecture, and the visual arts. Abstract The interconnectedness, even interdependence, of the alterity of other persons and the alterity of God is clearly present in both Gabriel Marcel's and Emmanuel Levinas's work. This authentic Other is available to any subject who is willing, like the Lacanian analyst, to annul the resistance of her intrapsychic other and to accept the anxiety aroused within her intrapsychic Otherness. In communication ethics, Levinas critiques conventional ideals of complete Oct 16, 2024 · In the second half of the twentieth century, the theme of otherness was addressed by a number of phenomenologists, including two Frenchmen with Jewish roots, Emmanuel Levinas and Jacques Derrida. Philosophical ideas, including those of Hegel, Lévinas and Waldenfels, are introduced as providing essential theoretical background for This reification acknowledges our capacity for detaching the concept of the Other from any specific person and even from any physical entities such as rivers and trees and stones. The paper examines otherness as a universal phenomenon of the human psyche that manifests in relation to oneself and interpersonal relation-ships with others. Keywords: Other, Otherness, Self, Binary Opposition, and Postcolonial Study culminate in the overcoming of the otherness of the selves confronting each other and the realization that they are identical with each other and therefore form universal self-consciousness. A well-known essay about cultural appropriation from hooks’s 1992 book Black Looks: Race and Representation. This article explores the concept of the 'Other' in anthropology and philosophy, examining its implications and significance in these fields. The word “other” appears frequently in Levinas’s work, though more often in Totality and Infinity than May 26, 2025 · The Ways in Which Otherness Shapes Our Understanding of Self and Others Otherness shapes our understanding of self and others in several ways, including: Creating boundaries: Otherness involves creating and maintaining boundaries between individuals, groups, or cultures, influencing our understanding of who we are and who we are not. Nov 19, 2021 · Hegel's role in underlining the importance of the vital status of the "other" is unique. being or feeling different in appearance or character from what is familiar, expected, or…. These movements are linked to investigations of Otherness can be difficult to recognize, not only because it is a phenomenon that has only recently been brought to awareness, but also because it does not necessarily manifest in the ways some might expect of “perpetual outsiders”. Raymond Tallis views the physical gesture of pointing as indicating "two kinds of beyond: the otherness of the world and the presence of other minds in the world. Jul 23, 2006 · Emmanuel Levinas’ (1905–1995) intellectual project was to develop a first philosophy. ” Here, the “otherness” of the second thing with respect to the first one does not imply any consideration regarding what the entities are. ” If one knew nothing else about Barth, one knew at least that phrase. ). The concept of otherness has fascinated psychologists, philosophers, and social scientists for centuries. Like many of his contemporaries, Baudrillard inherited Mar 16, 2023 · PDF | In this paper the category of Otherness has been concerned for those who occupy the subordinate position in society, which have been presented as | Find, read and cite all the research Oct 21, 2017 · The Origin of Others. Dec 28, 2023 · Bias Bridging Divides: Understanding and Overcoming "Othering" Unraveling the fabric of othering for an inclusive and empathetic world. Through such binary oppositions, Homi Bhabha explains, “The Other That is, the other is other within its otherness which cannot be reduced as identical I. Otherness seeks to examine how majority and minority identities are constructed. In this essay, we will explore Sartre's concept of the Other and its implications for how we understand ourselves and our relationships with others. Judith Butler. Explore his ideas on ethics, the Other, infinity, vulnerability, justice, and hospitality through clear explanations and practical examples. At a superficial glance it can look as if there is agreement about what the problem is and how we might address it. The other is also seen, in the writing of Levinas, through a lens of non-adequation and absolute alterity. Despite close that illustrates debates concerning fear of the unknown racial Other and serves as a complicated image of ethnic otherness, the incarnation of ‘foreignness’ in the eyes of the native British. What seems clear is that Despite their shared emphases on the philosophical importance of the Other, juxtapositions of Beauvoir's and Lévinas' views of Otherness are few and far between. My translation). 'The other' (autre, autrui) and 'otherness' (alterite') belong to the most significant concepts of Levinas' philosophy. This failure to treat the two philosophies simultaneously could be due to a tendency on the part of Beauvoir scholars to interpret her as espousing a "dialectical" notion of Otherness wherein the relation between self and Other is In philosophy and anthropology, alterity is the state of being "other" or different (Latin alter). Our endeavor about the other is never completed and it is conducted by constructing meaning networks and using cognitive and affective strategies. The paper examines otherness as a universal phenomenon of the human psyche that manifests in relation to oneself and interpersonal relationships with others. This process can be conscious or unconscious. These include the decentering or centrifugal aspects of self that become evident when dialogue is detached from dialectic—the recalcitrant and “unmerged” voices that remain resistant to any form of dialectical The Monsters Of Otherness The Monsters of Otherness: Understanding Fear and Fascination the monsters of otherness have long haunted human imagination, from ancient myths to modern storytelling. " It involves defining oneself or one's group by contrasting it with what it is not, often projecting negative characteristics onto the "Other" to solidify one's own identity and perceived superiority. for self remain But they incomplete, in that their responsiveness to the infant, and they do not explore with the 'otherness' of the other. This famous claim is the outcome of a reasoning path which Aug 25, 2023 · Emmanuel Levinas identifies the face-to-face encounter with another human – the Other – as the foundational experience of ethical responsibility. Today, race relations and what it means to be black or white, especially in the United Other Member of a dominated out-group, whose identity is considered lacking and who may be subject to discrimination by the in-group. The very term cultural others often implies exclusion from the dominant culture. Jun 15, 2021 · Jacques Lacan Freud uses the term "other" to speak of der Andere ("the other person") and das Andere ("otherness"), but in the 1930s, when Lacan first begins to use the term, it is not very salient, and refers simply to "other people. D. From the standpoint of first-person or phenomenological experience, the self (which is known and experienced directly) encounters another who escapes the comprehension of the self. Abstract Otherness is a complex and polysemic notion that is conceptualized in both philoso-phy and psychology. In colonial literature, it is obvious that European Department of Communication and Culture, BI Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway Abstract: This article argues that theorising Otherness and Othering of the cultural Other is inte-gral to identity construction during intercultural encounters, but has largely been neglected in Cross-Cultural Management (CCM) research. Jun 8, 2016 · We invite you to participate in a gathering of academics, analysts, students and others interested in exploring a Jungian conceptualization of Otherness, and how such ideas interface with ideas about the Other in broader psychoanalytic and critical theory dialogue. THE ‘OTHERNESS’ OF THE ‘OTHER’ IN JEAN RHYS’S WIDE SARGASSO SEA JEAN RHYS’IN WIDE SARAGASSO SEA ADLI ROMANINDA ‘ÖTEKİ’NİN ‘ÖTEKİLİĞİ’ Semra SARAÇOĞLU Associate Professor, Gazi University, Gazi Faculty of Education, Department of Foreign Languages Education, Division of English Language Education, Ankara, Turkey The process of othering can be divided into two steps: Categorizing a group of people according to perceived differences, such as ethnicity, skin colour, religion, gender or sexual orientation. intersubjectivity and Edmund Husserl. Otroverts compensate for their inability to belong with great sensitivity and uncanny ability to empathize. 4 Othering and the Other: Feminist, Postcolonial and Philosophical Positions A basic premise of the critical concept of difference, the binary opposition, has been sketched out above and critiqued for its function to reduce, simplify and hierarchise diversity into two distinct poles. ” May 2, 2019 · Textbooks in philosophy often refer to the problem of other minds. Binary opposition is the principle of contrast between two mutually exclusive terms which argues that the perceived binary dichotomy between civilized\ savage has perpetuated In my field, anthropology, “the Other” was for a very long time the core object of study for the entire discipline, and one could even argue that early anthropology was a direct result of colonialism. Sep 25, 2023 · This article explores Shakespeare's play, "The Tempest," with a detailed focus on his use of 'otherness' in the play. from the University of Munich in 1959. Definitions Otherness is the result of a discursive process by which a dominant in-group (“Us,” the Self) constructs one or many dominated out-groups (“Them,” the Other) by stigmatizing difference—real or imagined—presented as a negation of identity and thus a motive for potential discrimination. It exposes the main arguments of Edward Said and Bhaba on this topic Sep 18, 2017 · “The Origin of Others combines Toni Morrison’s accustomed eloquence with meaning for our times as citizens of the world. They might or In this inquiry several times Levinas' notions of 'the other' and 'otherness,' were mentioned mostly in regard to God's total otherness. Feb 26, 2025 · Othering involves seeing people as fundamentally different from the dominant group. AI generated definition based Dec 7, 2020 · Philosopher Simone de Beauvoir thought “Otherness is a basic category of human thought”. Identifying that group as inferior and using an “us vs. In the encounter with the Other, the self is confronted with the Other’s absolute Otherness, which resists totalization because of its infinite characterization. It can provoke different feelings: interest in what is different, but also rejection and denial of what is different. Adapted from Morrison’s instalment of the Charles Eliot Norton lectures at Harvard University, the text, which explores how otherness, particularly racial difference, is socially constructed and provides unique insights into american literary history, has the clarity and intimacy of the spoken word. Much of Derrida’s work on alterity palpably bears a tension between his emphasis upon Otherness is the way in which one group or person perceives another as different from themselves. These creatures or concepts symbolize the unfamiliar, the strange, and what lies beyond the boundaries of the known world. Whereas traditionally first philosophy denoted either metaphysics or theology, only to be reconceived by Heidegger as fundamental ontology, Levinas argued that it is ethics that should be so conceived. These notions of otherness imply that the others of interest are human subjects, and that is where I believe Othering is identifying people by a characteristic that differs from some perceived normative state when irrelevant. She develops the claim that identity is constructed by excluding and rejecting the other. Apr 3, 2023 · Consequently, this paper seeks to bring attention towards these issues, exploring the construction of Otherness and its detrimental outcomes for psychiatry, such as systemic discrimination and disparities in therapeutic support, alongside recommended initiatives to mitigate against the effects of Otherness. Oct 24, 2017 · The Other, The Big Other, and Othering By NASRULLAH MAMBROL on October 24, 2017 • ( 3 ) Critical theorists are particularly committed to opposing binary oppositions where one side is seen as privileged over or defining itself against an Other (often capitalized), for example, male/female, Occident/Orient, center/margin. Far from… Continue reading A Deeper Dive into Volume 7 · Number 2 · November 2019 Welcoming the interdisciplinary study of otherness and alterity, Otherness: Essays and Studies is an open-access, full-text, and peer-reviewed e-journal under the auspices of the Centre for Studies in Otherness. These themes subsequently became well - established in French thought. To understand the concept of the Self and the Other the formalistic approach (binary opposition) is used which is an important idea that helps us understand how meanings are being shaped, created or reinforced in a text. ("Otherness, the characteristics of the Other, is the state of being different from and alien to the social identity of a person and to the identity of the Self. 2 Theorisations of Difference and Otherness 1. Even if you know the Similarly the Chinese mothers in The Joy Luck Club are presented as the Other in American society; are any of them the Other in Chinese society? Otherness also functions in the family relationships. Developed by sociologists and cultural critics, this theory identifies the "other" as a representation of difference, often applied to non-White individuals in societies where White people have historically held power Jan 1, 2015 · PDF | Othering is the construction and identification of the self or in-group and the other or out-group in mutual, unequal opposition by attributing | Find, read and cite all the research you The meaning of OTHERNESS is the quality or state of being other or different. " Other (philosophy), c. The Gothic as part of Wuthering Heights can be seen to be the “internalisation of that which is supposed to be foreign to thought” (Cottom 2003, 1067). Others’ internal experiences cannot be seen clearly, their otherness resists the powers of being brought fully into the self. them” mentality to alienate the group. Jan 13, 2016 · Emmanuel Levinas's philosophy emphasizes radical ethics, positioning ethics as the fundamental aspect of human experience rather than as mere norms. Othering: transforming a difference into otherness so as to create an in-group and out- group Otherness: Characteristic of the other In-group: a group to which speaker, the person spoken belongs Out-group: a group to which the speaker, person The quality of being different or distinct in appearance, character, etc. Steadfastly maintaining a connection between the otherness of God and the otherness of other persons, Levinas and Marcel specifically represent these two loves—love oriented toward the divine and love toward Jan 1, 2015 · Bram Stoker’s Dracula and Kate Chopin’s The Awakening centralises on the characters of Count Dracula and Edna Pontellier in the respective novels, characters marked as the Other for their - only from UKEssays. The distinction lies in the inability to belong. This body’s strong force of attraction has been exerted by thinkers such as Emmanuel Levinas and Jacques Derrida, who, stressing the irreducibility . At its core, otherness refers to the way people construct an image of “the other”—someone or something that is different, distinct May 15, 2024 · Who are the "others"? What constitutes the "right" representation of the others? Has tolerance for the otherness grown in the West over the past decades? Feb 1, 2024 · Otherness is a complex and polysemic notion that is conceptualized in both philosophy and psychology. Click for English pronunciations, examples sentences, video. May 2, 2025 · Otherness is fundamentally about the construction of "us" versus "them. His conceptualization of the Other highlights the irreducible difference between self and Other, establishing ethical responsibility as central to subjectivity. Philosophical ideas, including those of Hegel, Lévinas and Waldenfels, are introduced as providing essential theoretical Apr 7, 2023 · Jean-Paul Sartre was a prominent French philosopher and writer who developed a unique philosophy of existentialism. What anthropologists did, was to travel somewhere else and study what someone else did – often ignoring factors such as the so-called “natives” relations to neighboring groups and to An otherness that remains an otherness of the consciousness and not of a transcendent object, an otherness which implicates what is other to the consciousness and not what is other than the consciousness. The novel also characterizes Dracula by his cultural otherness, yearning to master his knowledge of English culture in order to best prey on it, under the guise of assimilation. May 6, 2022 · Otherness is a category whose qualities shift depending on their proximity to a European male subject. Learn how being othered is often used to dehumanize minority individuals. Aug 15, 2023 · The concept of Other is used to describe people who are considered strange or inferior in terms of knowledge, civilization, and abilities. ) The process inherently involves diminishing the Otherness, this movement of Othering, of rendering Other and foreign, is inevitable, according to de Beauvoir, for if one group sets itself apart as the first and the original, it must exclude from this presumed unity, simplicity, or purity those who are seen as neither pure nor complete; that is, the Other announced as outsiders and foreigners. Othering undergirds territorial Mar 30, 2018 · Othello is an invaluable piece of Renaissance literature, as it deals with and gives insight into perceptions of race and racial difference that were contextually relevant to the time period. The only example Hegel gives of this process is his discussion of the Master-Slave relationship. While rooted The face of the Other signifies not only the physical presence but also the expression of an inner world of sentiments and recognition. Abstract Otherness is a complex and polysemic notion that is conceptualized in both philosophy and psychology. But, rather than formulating an ethical theory, Levinas developed his philosophy in opposition to both Hence otherness is not restricted to the otherness of the Other or to that of another order, it rather penetrates ourselves. Lacan further thinks that it is by this abstraction of the concept of Otherness that we generate a concept of God. ” Beauvoir stresses that the otherness that characterizes the situation of women is of a quite particular kind: they are, she writes, “ the absolute Other, without reciprocity. Sep 7, 2004 · God is so immeasurably beyond us that we must not be guilty of dumbing down our efforts to worship him. If I take one of them, then the second one is simply “the other. Posted December 28, 2023 | Reviewed by Monica Vilhauer Ph. This section highlights his critique of reducing others to categories, advocating for an ethics centered on the infinite responsibility towards others, fundamentally altering the understanding of selfhood and moral obligation. av15f qr uhfo 6gkuka dljdr ms dxdr gu4fg spopg mffp0i